承担责任:如果你是卵巢癌的高风险人群
如果你患卵巢癌的风险增加, 你的利来登录可能会定期让你做血液检查，这对发现卵巢上皮癌很有用. It measures a substance in the blood called CA-125. Unfortunately, this test is not very specific. 没有卵巢癌的女性体内的CA-125水平可能会升高, or they may be low in women who do.
另一种有时用于筛查高危女性的检测方法是 transvaginal sonography. 这需要在阴道内放置一个小仪器，用声波成像卵巢. No radiation is involved.
许多家族性上皮性卵巢癌是由基因遗传异常(基因突变)引起的，可以通过基因检测确定. BRCA1和BRCA2基因的遗传突变约占乳腺癌和卵巢癌的5%至10%. 在大多数人身上，这些基因产生蛋白质，阻止细胞异常生长. 如果一个女人从父母双方遗传了突变基因, this cancer-preventing protein is less effective.
大约一半携带遗传BRCA1突变的女性会在70岁时患上乳腺癌和/或卵巢癌. BRCA2基因的突变也会增加患卵巢癌的风险, but not as much as the BRCA1 mutation. In addition, a rare type of colon cancer that runs in families, hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer, 某种程度上增加了患卵巢癌的风险.
决定是否进行基因检测是一个复杂的过程. 基因咨询师可以指导你完成整个过程，确保你考虑了所有支持和反对测试的理由.
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Preventive Treatment Options for High-Risk Women
Use of Oral Contraceptives
服用避孕药可能会降低高风险女性患卵巢癌的风险——可能会将患癌风险降低一半. However, 它们的使用可能会增加BRCA1或BRCA2突变女性患乳腺癌的风险, so additional research is needed.
Preventive Surgery (Prophylactic Oophorectomy)
有时高危女性会选择在癌症发生前切除两个卵巢. 这种手术(预防性卵巢切除术)通常只推荐给已经完成生育的高危妇女, because it causes premature menopause. 接受预防性卵巢切除术的妇女偶尔仍可能发展为原发性腹膜癌(腹部组织的癌症)。, which can behave like ovarian cancer.
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- Next section of Taking Charge: Screening for Ovarian Cancer
Return to the Taking Charge Index
- What Is Breast Cancer?
- Who Gets Breast Cancer?
- If You Are at High Risk for Breast Cancer
- Screening for Breast Cancer
- How Is Breast Cancer Diagnosed?
- How Is Breast Cancer Treated?
- What Is Ovarian Cancer?
- Who Gets Ovarian Cancer?
- If You Are at High Risk for Ovarian Cancer
- Screening for Ovarian Cancer
- How Is Ovarian Cancer Diagnosed?
- How is Ovarian Cancer Treated?
- Living With Cancer
- Diet, Lifestyle and Cancer
- Glossary of Terms
加州大学旧金山分校的健康医学专家已经审查了这些信息. 它只是出于教育目的，并不打算取代你的利来登录或其他卫生保健提供者的建议. 我们鼓励您与您的供应商讨论任何问题或关注.
