Hysterectomy

Abdominal Hysterectomy

In an abdominal hysterectomy, 子宫通过下腹部的水平切口切除, called a "bikini cut.“如果子宫很大，或者早期手术留下了疤痕, it may be necessary to make a vertical incision instead.

There are different kinds of abdominal hysterectomies:

• Total abdominal hysterectomy 包括切除子宫和子宫颈，子宫颈是子宫的最低部分. Women who have had abnormal pap smears 在子宫切除术时，通常会被鼓励切除子宫颈吗.
• Subtotal or supra-cervical hysterectomy involves removing only the upper part of the uterus. Women who retain their cervix may have less bladder leakage and vaginal relaxation later in life; however, this has not been scientifically proven. 做过宫颈上子宫切除术的妇女将继续需要定期进行巴氏涂片检查. In addition, 如果子宫内膜腺体仍嵌在宫颈组织中，有些妇女每月会出现点滴出血或轻度出血.

An abdominal hysterectomy requires general anesthesia. Most patients will stay in the hospital for three days. Recovery usually takes six weeks, 尽管一些女性经历了手术并发症，需要更长的恢复时间. 手术后，你的阴毛或“比基尼”线附近会有一个4英寸的水平伤疤.

Risks

像任何外科手术一样，腹式子宫切除术也有一些风险，尽管很少见. 大约5%的女性在接受了长达5天的抗生素治疗后出现感染. 大约5%的女性会出现伤口感染，她们在家接受治疗，但需要在长达六周的时间里频繁地去看利来登录.

其他可能的并发症包括出血、感染和肠道或膀胱损伤.

Laparoscopic Hysterectomy

腹腔镜子宫切除术是一种新的手术，通过非常小的切口在下腹切除子宫. 子宫颈，或子宫的下部，仍在原位. 子宫肌瘤较大或子宫较大的妇女可能不适合腹腔镜子宫切除术. Also, 有时在手术过程中，有必要将腹腔镜子宫切除术改为腹式子宫切除术.

In the procedure, 下腹部有四个1厘米的切口，一个在肚脐处, one below the bikini line near the pubic hair, and one near each hip. The abdominal cavity is filled with carbon dioxide gas. A thin, 带照明的望远镜通过切口放置，这样利来登录就可以看到卵巢, fallopian tubes and uterus. 长器械，通过其他切口插入，用来取出子宫. 使用一种特殊的工具将子宫切成更小的部分，然后通过小切口取出. 在手术的最后，气体被释放出来，皮肤切口被关闭.

You will be asleep during the procedure. 大多数妇女在利来登录呆一晚，在家休养两到四周.

Risks

并发症可能包括内脏器官损伤和出血.